NERVOUS SYSTEM QUIZZES

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NERVOUS SYSTEM AND SPECIAL SENSES QUIZ

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1. Accommodation refers to the eye’s ability to focus light from objects whatever their distance from the eye. How is this achieved?

A. By altering the distance between the cornea and the eye’s lens

B. By altering the distance between the lens and the retina

C. By altering the shape of the eye’s lens

D. By altering the shape of the cornea

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2. Which of the following is NOT indicative of the stimulation of the parasympathetic system?

A. Constriction of skeletal muscle blood vessels and vasodilation of renal blood vessels

B. Excitation of the blood flow to the kidneys and smooth muscles of the GI tract

C. Inhibition of heart rate and smooth muscles of the urinary bladder

D. Excitation of the smooth muscles of the urinary bladder and GI tract

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3. Accommodation refers to our ability to bring objects at any distance into sharp visual focus by altering which of the following?

A. The distance between our eye and the object to be viewed

B. The curvature of our cornea

C. The curvature of the eye’s lens

D. The distance between the lens and retina

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4. By which of the following pathways does sound entering the ear reach the organ of Corti?

A. Basilar membrane, middle ear, oval window, endolymph

B. Tympanic membrane, ossicles, oval window, cochlear fluid

C. Tectorial membrane, Eustachian tube, ossicles, cochlear fluid

D. Oval window, ear canal, auditory tube, endolymph

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5. In which region of the eye does the most detailed vision occur? The____

A. Fovea centralis

B. Optic disc

C. Macula lutea

D. Ciliary body

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6. Which of the following auditory structures are filled with fluid?

A. The inner ear

B. The middle ear

C. The external meatus

D. The Eustachian tube

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7. What is the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system responsible for?

A. Rapid predictable motor responses without processing by the brain

B. Conserving energy and maintaining body activities without conscious brain control

C. Preparing the body for energetic activity without conscious brain control

D. Gathering sensory information from the viscera that is not interpreted by the brain

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8. Cataract is an eye disease which affects vision. It is caused by____

A. Blockage of the flow of aqueous humour through the canal of Schlemm and loss of intraocular pressure in the vitreous humour

B. Detachment of the lens and subsequent loss of vision in this part of the eye

C. Increased intraocular pressure which collapses the blood capillaries that perfuse the retina so part of it dies.

D. Opacity of the lens

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9. What is presbyopia due to?

A. The loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye

B. The change in the curvature of the cornea

C. The gradual loss of cone cells from the retina

D. The deviation from a spherical eyeball shape with ageing

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10. What is the light sensitive cell in the retina that responds to black and white called?

A. Macula

B. Macula lutea

C. Cone

D. Rod

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11. All are effects of the parasympathetic nervous system EXCEPT?

A. Increases gut motility and digestive secretions

B. Causes bronchioles to constrict

C. Decreases heart rate

D. Causes bronchioles to dilate

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12. What may be said of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

A. Its fibres emerge from the thoracic and lumbar regions.

B. The impulses flow mainly along the vagus nerves.

C. It stimulates the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine.

D. Are associated with ganglia that lie close to the spinal cord.

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13. Glaucoma is an eye disease which affects vision. It is caused by____

A. Blockage of the flow of aqueous humour through the canal of Schlemm and loss of intraocular pressure in the vitreous humour

B. Detachment of the retina and subsequent loss of vision in this part of the eye

C. Cataracts that form in the eye’s lens which prevent light from reaching the retina

D. Increased intraocular pressure which collapses the blood capillaries that perfuse the retina so part of it dies.

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14. Which part of the retina has the greatest sensitivity to light?

A. The optic disc

B. Macula lutea

C. The choroid

D. Fovea centralis

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15. What part of the nervous system prepares the body for action during extreme situations?

A. The limbic system

B. The sympathetic division

C. The efferent system

D. The parasympathetic division

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16. What does the ciliary muscle do when accommodation (focussing) in the eye occurs?

A. It contracts and the tension on the ciliary fibres increases making the eye lens less convex.

B. It relaxes and the tension on the ciliary fibres decreases allowing the eye lens to become more convex.

C. It contracts and the pull of the ciliary fibres decreases allowing the lens to become more convex.

D. It relaxes and the pull of the ciliary fibres increases to make the lens less convex.

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17. Which muscle(s) are NOT controlled by the autonomic nervous system?

A. Cardiac muscle

B. The diaphragm

C. Soleus muscle

D. Smooth muscle

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18. The deterioration of sight with age is known by which term?

A. Protanopia

B. Presbyopia

C. Hyperopia

D. Scotopia

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19. What is the light sensitive cell in the retina that responds to colour called?

A. Macula

B. Macula lutea

C. Cone

D. Rod

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20. Sound produces vibrations in the cochlear fluid of the inner ear. The movement of the fluid then produces motion in which of the following?

A. Tectorial membrane

B. Basilar membrane

C. Otolithic membrane

D. Crista ampullaris

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21. The ossicles of the ear pass on sound vibrations to the fluid in the inner ear. In what structure is this fluid located?

A. The organ of Corti

B. The cochlea

C. The Eustachian tube

D. The saccule and utricle

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22. To which membrane is the ear’s organ of Corti attached?

A. The basilar membrane

B. The tympanic membrane

C. The tectorial membrane

D. The Eustachian membrane

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23. What is the function of the middle ear ossicles?

A. To protect the cochlea from excessively loud noises

B. To increase the sound intensity by resonating for sounds of frequencies near 3000 Hz

C. To amplify the sound intensity that reaches the tympanic membrane

D. To cause the sound energy of waves in air to be transmitted into the cochlear fluid

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24. What innervates the diaphragm?

A. The spinal nerves from T6 to T12

B. The vagus nerve

C. The phrenic nerve

D. The sciatic nerve

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25. What is the place where the blood vessels and nerve fibres come together and leave the posterior chamber of the eye called?

A. Macula lutea

B. Optic disc

C. Fovea centralis

D. Choroid

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26. What is the nerve that that carries most of the parasympathetic signals?

A. Phrenic

B. Vagus

C. Sciatic

D. Trigeminal

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