1. According to the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association, a patient presenting with left ventricular dysfunction without symptoms of heart failure would be classified as:

2. A key diagnostic laboratory test for heart failure is the:

3. A primary classification of medications used in the treatment of systolic heart failure is:

4. The primary underlying disorder of pulmonary edema is:

5. The most reliable sign of cardiac arrest is:

6. A commonly prescribed diuretic that is given intravenously to produce a rapid diuretic effect is:

7. Hemodynamic monitoring by means of a multilumen pulmonary artery catheter can provide detailed information about:

8. Cardiogenic shock is pump failure that occurs primarily as the result of:

9. The nurse knows that this angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor ordered by the physician has a rapid onset of action within 15 minutes.

10. A clinical manifestation of pericardial effusion is:

11. A recommended position for a patient in acute pulmonary edema is:

12. The treatment for cardiac failure is directed at:

13. An example of a potassium-sparing diuretic that might be prescribed for a person with congestive heart failure is:

14. On assessment, the nurse knows that a patient who reports no symptoms of heart failure at rest but is symptomatic with increased physical activity would have a heart failure classification of:

15. The nurse expects that positive inotropic medications would be administered to treat cardiogenic shock, with the exception of:

16. Digitalis toxicity is a key concern in digitalis therapy. A therapeutic digitalis level should be:

17. Classic signs of cardiogenic shock include all of the following except:

18. The most frequent cause for hospitalization for people older than 75 years of age is:

19. On assessment, the nurse knows that the presence of pitting edema indicates fluid retention of at least:

20. The dominant function in cardiac failure is:

21. The primary cause of heart failure is:

22. The diagnosis of heart failure is usually confirmed by:

23. Pulmonary edema is characterized by:

24. Nursing measures in hemodynamic monitoring include assessing for localized ischemia caused by inadequate arterial flow. The nurse should:

25. The drug of choice during cardiopulmonary resuscitation to suppress ventricular dysrhythmias is:

26. Brain damage occurs with cessation of circulation after an approximate interval of:

27. The multilumen pulmonary artery catheter allows the nurse to measure hemodynamic pressures at various points in the heart. When the tip enters the small branches of the pulmonary artery, the nurse can assess all of the following measurements except:

28. Morphine is given in acute pulmonary edema to redistribute the pulmonary circulation to the periphery by decreasing:

29. With pulmonary edema, there is usually an alteration in: